The International Energy Agency has released its 2025 Emission Factors package, which contains data on ‘Life Cycle Upstream Emission Factors’, and ‘Emissions Factors’. These two databases provide estimates of emissions intensities associated with power generation and consumption. This release complements the IEA’s earlier publication of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy, global emissions data with historical trends and sectoral breakdown of energy-related GHG emissions, as well as the Energy Carbon Tracker, an interactive tool providing country-level indicators on emissions, energy, and sectoral trends.
The various IEA data on energy and emissions feed several well-known data compilations, for example the JRC EDGAR, and the IMP Climate Indicators Dashboard.
In 2023, global energy-related GHG emissions reached 39.0 Gt CO2eq, a 1.5% increase from the previous year. This rise occurred despite improvements in the power emissions intensity, underscoring the continued growth in energy demand.
The globally averaged power emission intensity declined by 10% since 2015. This decrease was driven by fuel switch, increased efficiency and penetration of low-carbon technologies (-9% direct combustion), alongside notable reductions in life cycle transmission and distribution (T&D) losses (-21%) and upstream emissions intensity (-9%). Emissions linked to fuel extraction, processing, and transport, accounting for 14% of the total power carbon footprint in 2023, remain a key lever for further decarbonisation.
The 2025 emission releases are distributed at the IEA online data services Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy – Data product – IEA, IEA Energy and Carbon Tracker 2025 – Data product – IEA, Emissions Factors 2025 – Data product – IEA, Life Cycle Upstream Emissions Factors 2025 – Data product – IEA, and Emissions Factors Package – SUBSCRIPTION – Data product – IEA.
